[01] Abdelmoneim Elamin Mohamed, Department of Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Khartoum, Shambat, Sudan. [02] Abdelrhman Mohamed Nour Hamid, Department of Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Technology and Fish Sciences, Al-Neelain University, Khartoum, Sudan. [03] Mohmed Abdallah Mohmed Abdalhi, Department of Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Technology and Fish Sciences, Al-Neelain University, Khartoum, Sudan. [04] Nahla Omer Abdeen, Department of Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Khartoum, Shambat, Sudan.

The study was conducted to determine the soil moisture content down the profile and along the furrow run. In addition to evaluate the furrow irrigation under four irrigation techniques (surge flow, bunds, cut-back and cut-off). The techniques were applied on free end furrows and dyked end furrows. The results indicated that, irrigation techniques, soil depths, locations along the furrow and their interactions were found to have highly significant effects on soil moisture content on depth basis at (P ≤ 0.01). Whereas, the interaction of soil depth and furrow end conditions had no significant effects on soil moisture content. Surge technique resulted in significantly high moisture content at the two furrow end conditions, followed by bund, cut-back and cut-off technique. The results also showed that the highest application efficiency of 60.29% was obtained with surge irrigation technique with dyked furrow end (at P ≤ 0.05) and the lowest application efficiency of 29.21% was obtained by cut-off irrigation technique with free end furrow. Surge technique resulted with highest values in all tested efficiencies within the dyked end and free end furrows compared to all other combinations.

Irrigation Techniques, Soil Depth, Moisture Content, Furrow End, Cut-back

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