[01] Ramzi M. Abed, Faculty of IT, Islamic University of Gaza, Gaza, Palestine.

With the increasing number of digital image editing tools, it becomes an easy task to modify any digital image by any user with any level of experience in image editing. One important type of digital images is the scanned documents as they can be used as legal evidence. Therefore, some legal issues may arise when a tampered scanned document cannot be distinguished from an authentic one. In this work we are proposing a novel technique to detect scanned documents tampering, this proposed technique is based on the used scanner identification using features intrinsic to a data-generating sensor.

Forgery, Tampering, Graylevel Co-occurrence Matrix, GLCM, Image Forensics

[01] J. A. Redi, W. Taktak, and J.-L. Dugelay, “Digital image forensics: A booklet for beginners,” Multimedia Tool Appl., Vol. 51, no. 1, pp. 133-62, Jan. 2011. [02] J. Wang, G. Liu, Z. Zhang, Y. Dai, and Z. Wang, “Fast and robust forensics for image region-duplication forgery,” Acta Automatica Sinica, Vol. 35, no. 12, pp. 1488-95, Dec. 2009. [03] V. Tyagi, “Detection of forgery in images stored in digital form,” Project report submitted to DRDO, New Delhi, 2010. [04] Ansari, Mohd Dilshad, S. P. Ghrera, and Vipin Tyagi. "Pixel-Based Image Forgery Detection: A Review." IETE Journal of Education 55.1, 2014. [05] Mauro Barni, Christine I. Podilchuk, Franco Bartolini and Edward J. Delp, Watermark embedding: hiding a signal within a cover image, IEEE Communications Magazine, 39, 102, 2001. [06] R. W. Wolfgang, C. I. Podilchuk and E. J. Delp, Perceptual watermarks for digital images and video, in Proceedings of the IEEE, pp. 1108–1126 1999. [07] C. I. Podilchuk and E. J. Delp, Digital watermarking: Al- gorithms and applications, IEEE Signal Processing Maga- zine, 18, 33 2001. [08] Edward J. Delp, Is your document safe: An overview of document and print security, in Proceedings of the IS&T’s NIP18: International Conference on Digital Printing Technologies, 2002. [09] Mikkilineni, Aravind K., et al. "Printer identification based on texture features." NIP & Digital Fabrication Conference. Vol. 2004. No. 1. Society for Imaging Science and Technology, 2004. [10] P.-J. Chiang, N. Khanna, A. K. Mikkilineni, M. V. O. Segovia, S. Suh, J. P. Allebach, G. T.-C. Chiu, and E. J. Delp, “Printer and scanner forensics,” IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, vol. 26, no. 2, pp. 72–83, March 2009. [11] J. Fridrich, “Digital image forensics,” IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, vol. 26, no. 2, pp. 26–37, March 2009. [12] N. Khanna, G. T. Chiu, J. P. Allebach, and E. J. Delp, “Forensic tech- niques for classifying scanner, computer generated and digital camera images,” Proceedings of the 2008 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, Las Vegas, NV, March 2008, pp. 1653–1656. [13] M. Chen, J. Fridrich, M. Goljan, and J. Lukas, “Determining image ori- gin and integrity using sensor noise,” IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 74–90, March 2008. [14] N. Khanna, A. K. Mikkilineni, and E. J. Delp, “Scanner identification using feature-based processing and analysis,” IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 123–139, March 2009. [15] Khanna, Nitin, and Edward J. Delp. "Source scanner identification for scanned documents." Information Forensics and Security, 2009. WIFS 2009. First IEEE International Workshop on. IEEE, 2009. [16] N. Khanna and E. J. Delp, “Source scanner identification for scanned documents,” First IEEE International Workshop on Information Foren- sics and Security, London, United Kingdom, December 2009, to appear. [17] A. K. Mikkilineni, P.-J. Chiang, G. N. Ali, G. T.-C. Chiu, J. P. Allebach, and E. J. Delp, “Printer identification based on textural features,” Proceedings of the IS&T’s NIP20: International Conference on Digital Printing Technologies, vol. 20, Salt Lake City, UT, October/November 2004, pp. 306–311. [18] Khanna, Nitin, and Edward J. Delp. "Intrinsic signatures for scanned documents forensics: effect of font shape and size." Circuits and Systems (ISCAS), Proceedings of 2010 IEEE International Symposium on. IEEE, 2010.