[01] Alireza Taghipour, Department of Chemical Engineering, Firoozabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Firoozabad, Iran. [02] Farshad Farahbod, Department of Chemical Engineering, Firoozabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Firoozabad, Iran.

In this research, nano-operating fluids and ordinary fluids have been used. In principle, the temperature profile and thermal resistance when using different fluids have been studied in laboratory. The experiments are conducted to measure and compare temperature and thermal resistance of pure water, metal oxide nano fluid, ammonia, methanol and ethanol which fills heat pipes. The temperature values are measured in different length of heat pipe. In addition, the temperature profiles are obtained in different power. The experiments are conducted for pure water and non-pure solutions with variable concentrations that are between 0.1 mili gram per litre to 100 mili gram per litre. Also, the concentration of 50ppm nano particles is the effective amount of metal oxide and keeps the pipe wall temperatures in the optimum values. The experiments show the higher power cause to the higher convective heat transfer and the lower temperature profile, ultimately. More details are achieved in the following results. So, the experimental results show the temperature interval for methanol is 21.24 to 23.56 centigrade degree. In addition, the temperature interval for ethanol is 11.01 to 12.34 centigrade degree and average difference between the temperature profile for methanol and ethanol is 47.08%, approximately. Finally, laboratory results show that the thermal properties of the nanofluid have been significantly improved. Therefore, a high heat transfer coefficient can be expected if the nanoparticles are well distributed in the fluid.

Water, Thermal Resistance, Heat Pipe, Thermal Profile, Operating Fluid, Nano

[01] Nadeem S., Mehmood Rashid, Sher Akbar Noreen, 2013. Non-orthogonal stagnation point flow of a nano non-Newtonian fluid towards a stretching surface with heat transfer International. Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 57, 679-689. [02] Riyahin M. , Montazeri G. M. , Jamoosian L. & F. Farahbod, PVT-generated Correlations of Heavy Oil Properties, Petroleum Science and Technology, 2014, Volume 32, - Issue 6, Pages 703-711. [03] Farahbod Farshad, Investigation of gas sweetening by nanofluid in isothermal tower with consideration of thermodynamic equilibrium; experimentally and theoretically, Separation and Purification Technology, Volume 211, 18 March 2019, Pages 799-808. [04] Taghiyari Hamid Reza, 2013. Effects of Nano-Silver and Nano-Zycosil on Mechanical Strength of Heat, Vapor, and Dry-Ice-Treated Biscuit and Dovetail Medium-Density Fiberboard Miter Joints. Materials & Design, Volume 51, October 2013, Pages 695-700. [05] Farahbod, F., & Omidvar, M. (2018). Experimental evaluation of collection, thermal, and conductivity efficiency of a solar distiller pond as a free concentration unit in wastewater treatment process. Energy Science & Engineering, 6, 584–594. [06] Wei W. C., Tsai S. H., Yang S. Y., Kang S. W., 2005. Effect of nano-fluid on heat pipe thermal performance, in: Proceedings of the 3rd IASME/ WSEAS International Conference on Heat Transfer. Thermal Engineering and Environment 2, 115–117. [07] Taherizadeh, M., Farahbod, F., & Ilkhani, A. (2019). Experimental evaluation of solar still efficiencies as a basic step in treatment of wastewater. Heat Transfer - Asian Research, 49(Part 1), 236–248. [08] Kabeel A. E., Abou El Maaty T., Samadony Y. El., 2013. The effect of using nano-particles on corrugated plate heat exchanger performance. Applied Thermal Engineering 52, 221-229. [09] Ferkl Pavel, Pokorný Richard, Bobák Marek, Kosek Juraj, 2013. Heat transfer in one-dimensional micro- and nano-cellular foams. Chemical Engineering Science 97, 50-58. [10] Farahbod, F. (2019). Investigation of heat transfer equations for evaluation of drinkable water production rate as an efficiency of closed solar desalination pond. International Journal of Ambient Energy, 1, 1–6. [11] Farahbod Farshad, Mowla Dariush, Jafari Nasr M. R., Soltanieh Mohammad, Experimental study of forced circulation evaporator in zero discharge desalination process, Desalination, 285 (2012) 352–358. [12] Zou Shiqiang, He Zhen, Efficiently “pumping out” value-added resources from wastewater by bioelectrochemical systems: A review from energy perspectives, Water Research, Volume 131, 15 March 2018, Pages 62-73. [13] Ali Aamer, Ashu Tufa Ramato, Macedonio Francesca, Curcio Efrem, Drioli Enrico, Membrane technology in renewable-energy-driven desalination, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Volume 81, Part 1, January 2018, Pages 1-21. [14] Fane A. G. (Tony), A grand challenge for membrane desalination: More water, less carbon, Desalination, Volume 426, 15 January 2018, Pages 155-163. [15] Ebrahimi Atieh, D. Najafpour Ghasem, Yousefi Kebria Daryoush, Performance of microbial desalination cell for salt removal and energy generation using different catholyte solutions, Desalination, Volume 432, 15 April 2018, Pages 1-9. [16] Kokabian Bahareh, Ghimire Umesh, Gnaneswar Veera Gude, Water deionization with renewable energy production in microalgae - microbial desalination process, Renewable Energy, Volume 122, July 2018, Pages 354-361.