International Journal of Plant Science and Ecology
Articles Information
International Journal of Plant Science and Ecology, Vol.1, No.4, Aug. 2015, Pub. Date: May 23, 2015
Studies on the Biodegradation of Cassava Peels (Manihot Esculenta) and Rice Straw (Oryza Sativa) by Some Selected Microorganisms
Pages: 124-130 Views: 5473 Downloads: 2328
Authors
[01] Aransiola Michael N., Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
[02] Fagade Obasola E., Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
Abstract
Biodegradation of agricultural waste by microorganisms is an acceptable method which results in useful end product and reduces environmental pollution. Three agricultural wastes, cassava peels (Local and TMS 98/0505) and rice straw, were subjected to biodegradation. The wastes were collected from Teaching and Research farm, University of Ibadan, washed and oven dried at 60oC for 72hrs. The cassava peels were milled into powder while the rice straw was chopped into pieces. Bacteria and fungi were isolated from degraded cassava peels and then screened for cellulase production on carboxyl methylcellulose (CMC) agar. Selected isolates were characterized and identified. The biodegradation process was carried out by weighing 15g of each waste in basal medium (45ml for bacteria at pH 8 and 25ml for fungi at pH 5) at 28±2oC for 14 days in 250ml conical flasks. Each flask was set in duplicate. Reducing sugar content and available nitrogen were determined using Dinitrosalicylic Acid Assay method and Kjeldahl method respectively to evaluate biodegradation process. The selected isolates were identified as Pseudomonas sp., Bacillus sp., Trichoderma viride and Aspergillus terreus. The glucose level produced in mg/ml by Pseudomonas sp. was 0.37, 0.58 and 0.18 in cassava peels (Local and TMS 98/0505) and rice straw which were higher than in Bacillus sp. (0.35, 0.56 and 0.15mg/ml) while T. viride produced 0.99, 1.27, and 0.33mg/ml which were higher than in A. terreus (0.95, 1.24, and 0.29mg/ml). The bacteria combination produced 0.30, 0.55 and 0.14mg/ml while the fungi combination produced 0.81, 1.10 and 0.23mg/ml. The percentage increase in Nitrogen content was 14.3%, 38.9% and 12.5% in Pseudomonas sp. which were higher than in Bacillus sp. (11.8%, 35.3%, and 9.3%) while T. viride produced 20.0%, 50.3%, and 19.7% which were higher than in A. terreus (17.8%, 44.2%, and 16.9%). The bacterial combination produced 10%, 21.7% and 8.3% while the fungi combination produced 16.7%, 41.5% and 11.5%. Since the isolates showed appreciable degradation of the wastes, they can be used for biodegradation of agro-wastes in the environment to reduce pollution by these wastes.
Keywords
Biodegradation, Cassava Peels, Rice Straw, Pseudomonas sp.
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