[01] Dalia Ahmed Mohammed Osman, Department of Chemical Industries Research, Industrial Research and Consultancy Centre, Khartoum, Sudan. [02] Mustafa Abbas Mustafa, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.

Low-temperature aqueous chemical growth methods have shown great potential in the synthesis of ZnO nanostructures. Hexamethylenetetramine (HMTA) is the most common chemical substance used in the hydrothermal synthesis. In this study zinc oxide nanoparticles were prepared via hydrothermal growth using zinc acetate dihydrate and sodium hydroxide, as precursors instead of HMTA, as it is commercially available and cheap. Crystal structure and grain size of the obtained nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffractometer. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) has been used to study the morphological features of the ZnO nanopowder. The results obtained show that this hydrothermal synthetic method can produce good quality ZnO nanoparticles.

Zinc oxide, Nanostructures, Hydrothermal Synthesis, Morphological Effect

[01] C. N. R. Rao, A. Muller, A. K. Cheetham, (2004) The Chemistry of Nanomaterials: Synthesis, Properties and Applications Willey, Weinheim. [02] A. K. Bandyopadhyay, (2008) Nano Materials: in Architecture, Interior Architecture and Design, New Age International, New Delhi. [03] Zhanfeng Zheng, (2009) Synthesis and Modifications of Metal Oxide Nanostructures and Their Applications. PhD thesis, Queensland University of Technology. [04] S. A. Akhoon, S. Rubab, M. A. Shah, (2015) A benign hydrothermal synthesis of nanopencils-like zinc oxide nanoflowers, Int Nano Lett 5: 9–13. [05] Gul Amin, (2012) ZnO and CuO Nanostructures: Low Temperature Growth, Characterization, their Optoelectronic and Sensing Applications, PhD thesis, Linköping University, Sweden. [06] Liu Changsong Li Zhiwen, Zhang Qifeng, Microstructral (2007) Evolution of well-aligned ZnO nanorods array films in aqueous solution, material science, 22, 4, 603-606. [07] G. Kenanakis, D. Vernardou, E. Koudoumas, N. Katsarakis, (2009) Growth of c-axis oriented ZnO nanowires from aqueous solution: The decisive role of aseed layer for controlling the wires diameter, Journal of Crystal Growth, 311, 4799–4804. [08] Monika Gupta, Vidhika Sharma, Jaya Shrivastava, Anjana SolankiI, A psingh Singh, V rsatsangR, Sdass and Rohit Shrivastav, (2009) Preparation and characterization of nanostructured ZnO thin films for photoelectrochemical splitting of water, Bull. Mater. Sci., Vol. 32, 1, 23–30 [09] Hui Zhang, Xiangyang Ma, Jin Xu, Junjie Niu and Deren Yang, (2003) Arrays of ZnO nanowires fabricated by a simple chemical solution route, Nanotechnology, 14, 423–426 [10] Changchun Chena, Benhai Yua, Ping Liub, JiangFeng Liua and Lin Wanga, (2011) Investigation of nano-sized ZnO particles fabricated by various synthesis routes, Journal of Ceramic Processing Research, 12, 4, 420~425. [11] Mazhar Ali Abbasi, Yaqoob Khan, Sajjad Hussain, Omer Nur and Magnus Willander, (2012) Anions effect on the low temperature growth of ZnO nanostructures, Vacuum, 86, 12, 1998-2001. [12] Rajeevan Kozhummal, (2014) Structural investigation on semiconductor nanostructure – Wet Chemical Approaches for the synthesis of novel functional structures, PhD Thesis, University of Twente, Netherland. [13] Saroj Kumar Patra, (2008) A novel chemical approach to fabricate ZnO Nanostructure, PhD thesis, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur. [14] K. Venkateswarlu, D. Sreekanth, M. Sandhyarani, V. Muthupandi, A. C. Bose, and N. Rameshbabu, (2012), X-Ray Peak Profile Analysis of Nanostructured Hydroxyapatite and Fluorapatite International Journal of Bioscience, 2, 6. [15] Tagreed. M. Al-Saadi, Nabeel A. Bakr, Noor A. Hameed, (2014) Study of nanocrystalline structure and micro properties of ZnO powders by using Rietveld method, International Journal of Engineering and Technical Research, 2, 4.